Elements of Photogrammetry with Applications in GIS, Fourth Edition
by: Paul R. Wolf, Ph.D., Bon A. Dewitt, Ph.D., Benjamin E. Wilkinson, Ph.D.
Abstract: The definitive guide to photogrammetry—fully updated. Thoroughly revised to cover the latest technological advances in the field, Elements of Photogrammetry with Applications in GIS, Fourth Edition, provides complete details on the foundational principles of photogrammetry as well as important advanced concepts. Significant changes in the instruments and procedures used in modern photogrammetry, including laser scanning, are discussed. Example problems clarify computational procedures and extensive photographs and diagrams illustrate the material presented in this comprehensive resource.
Full details
Table of Contents
- A. About the Author
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Principles of Photography and Imaging
- 3. Cameras and Other Imaging Devices
- 4. Image Measurements and Refinements
- 5. Object Space Coordinate Systems
- 6. Vertical Photographs
- 7. Stereoscopic Viewing
- 8. Stereoscopic Parallax
- 9. Elementary Methods of Planimetric Mapping for GIS
- 10. Tilted and Oblique Photographs
- 11. Introduction to Analytical Photogrammetry
- 12. Stereoscopic Plotting Instruments
- 13. Topographic Mapping and Spatial Data Collection
- 14. Laser Scanning Systems
- 15. Fundamental Principles of Digital Image Processing
- 16. Control for Aerial Photogrammetry
- 17. Aerotriangulation
- 18. Project Planning
- 19. Terrestrial and Close-Range Photogrammetry
- 20. Photogrammetric Applications in GIS
- A. Units, Errors, Significant Figures, and Error Propagation
- B. Introduction to Least Squares Adjustment
- C. Coordinate Transformations
- D. Development of Collinearity Condition Equations
- E. Digital Resampling
- F. Conversions Between Object Space Coordinate Systems
Tools & Media
Expanded Table of Contents
- A. About the Author
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Principles of Photography and Imaging
- Introduction
- Fundamental Optics
- Lenses
- Single-Lens Camera
- Illuminance
- Relationship of Aperture and Shutter Speed
- Characteristics of Photographic Emulsions
- Processing and Printing Black-and-White Photographs
- Spectral Sensitivity of Emulsions
- Filters
- Color Film
- Digital Images
- Color Image Representation
- Digital Image Display
- References
- Problems
- 3. Cameras and Other Imaging Devices
- Introduction
- Metric Cameras for Aerial Mapping
- Main Parts of Frame Aerial Cameras
- Focal Plane and Fiducial Marks
- Shutters
- Camera Mounts
- Camera Controls
- Automatic Data Recording
- Digital Mapping Cameras
- Camera Calibration
- Laboratory Methods of Camera Calibration
- Stellar and Field Methods of Camera Calibration
- Calibration of Nonmetric Cameras
- Calibrating the Resolution of a Camera
- References
- Problems
- 4. Image Measurements and Refinements
- Introduction
- Coordinate Systems for Image Measurements
- Simple Scales for Photographic Measurements
- Measuring Photo Coordinates with Simple Scales
- Comparator Measurement of Photo Coordinates
- Photogrammetric Scanners
- Refinement of Measured Image Coordinates
- Distortions of Photographic Films and Papers
- Image Plane Distortion
- Reduction of Coordinates to an Origin at the Principal Point
- Correction for Lens Distortions
- Correction for Atmospheric Refraction
- Correction for Earth Curvature
- Measurement of Feature Positions and Edges
- References
- Problems
- 5. Object Space Coordinate Systems
- 6. Vertical Photographs
- Geometry of Vertical Photographs
- Scale
- Scale of a Vertical Photograph Over Flat Terrain
- Scale of a Vertical Photograph Over Variable Terrain
- Average Photo Scale
- Other Methods of Determining Scale of Vertical Photographs
- Ground Coordinates from a Vertical Photograph
- Relief Displacement on a Vertical Photograph
- Flying Height of a Vertical Photograph
- Error Evaluation
- References
- Problems
- 7. Stereoscopic Viewing
- 8. Stereoscopic Parallax
- Introduction
- Photographic Flight-Line Axes for Parallax Measurement
- Monoscopic Methods of Parallax Measurement
- Principle of the Floating Mark
- Stereoscopic Methods of Parallax Measurement
- Parallax Equations
- Elevations by Parallax Differences
- Simplified Equation for Heights of Objects from Parallax Differences
- Measurement of Parallax Differences
- Computing Flying Height and Air Base
- Error Evaluation
- References
- Problems
- 9. Elementary Methods of Planimetric Mapping for GIS
- 10. Tilted and Oblique Photographs
- Introduction
- Point Perspective
- Angular Orientation in Tilt, Swing, and Azimuth
- Auxiliary Tilted Photo Coordinate System
- Scale of a Tilted Photograph
- Relief Displacement on a Tilted Photograph
- Determining the Angle of Inclination of the Camera Axis in Oblique Photography
- Computing Horizontal and Vertical Angles from Oblique Photos
- Angular Orientation in Omega-Phi-Kappa
- Determining the Elements of Exterior Orientation
- Rectification of Tilted Photographs
- Correction for Relief of Ground Control Points Used in Rectification
- Analytical Rectification
- Optical-Mechanical Rectification
- Digital Rectification
- Atmospheric Refraction in Tilted Aerial Photographs
- References
- Problems
- 11. Introduction to Analytical Photogrammetry
- 12. Stereoscopic Plotting Instruments
- Introduction
- Classification of Stereoscopic Plotters
- Components
- Projection Systems
- Viewing and Tracing Systems
- Interior Orientation
- Relative Orientation
- Absolute Orientation
- Introduction
- System Components and Method of Operation
- Analytical Plotter Orientation
- Three-Dimensional Operation of Analytical Plotters
- Modes of Use of Analytical Plotters
- Introduction
- System Hardware
- Image Measurements
- Orientation Procedures
- Epipolar Geometry
- References
- Problems
- 13. Topographic Mapping and Spatial Data Collection
- Introduction
- Direct Compilation of Planimetric Features by Stereoplotter
- Direct Compilation of Contours by Stereoplotter
- Digitizing Planimetric Features from Stereomodels
- Representing Topographic Features in Digital Mapping
- Digital Elevation Models and Indirect Contouring
- Automatic Production of Digital Elevation Models
- Orthophoto Generation
- Map Editing
- References
- Problems
- 14. Laser Scanning Systems
- 15. Fundamental Principles of Digital Image Processing
- 16. Control for Aerial Photogrammetry
- Introduction
- Ground Control Images and Artificial Targets
- Number and Location of Photo Control
- Traditional Field Survey Methods for Establishing Horizontal and Vertical Control
- Fundamentals of the Global Positioning System
- Kinematic GPS Positioning
- Inertial Navigation Systems
- GPS-INS Integration
- References
- Problems
- 17. Aerotriangulation
- Introduction
- Pass Points for Aerotriangulation
- Fundamentals of Semianalytical Aerotriangulation
- Sequential Construction of a Strip Model from Independent Models
- Adjustment of a Strip Model to Ground
- Simultaneous Bundle Adjustment
- Initial Approximations for the Bundle Adjustment
- Bundle Adjustment with Airborne GPS Control
- Interpretation of Bundle Adjustment Results
- Aerotriangulation with Airborne Linear Array Sensors
- Satellite Image Triangulation
- Efficient Computational Strategies for Aerotriangulation
- References
- Problems
- 18. Project Planning
- 19. Terrestrial and Close-Range Photogrammetry
- Introduction
- Applications of Terrestrial and Close-Range Photogrammetry
- Terrestrial Cameras
- Matrix Equations for Analytical Self-Calibration
- Initial Approximations for Least Squares Adjustment
- Solution Approach for Self-Calibration Adjustment
- Control for Terrestrial Photogrammetry
- Analytical Self-Calibration Example
- Planning for Close-Range Photogrammetry
- References
- Problems
- 20. Photogrammetric Applications in GIS
- A. Units, Errors, Significant Figures, and Error Propagation
- B. Introduction to Least Squares Adjustment
- Introduction
- Definitions
- Histograms
- Normal Distribution of Random Errors
- Fundamental Condition of Least Squares
- Weighted Observations
- Applying Least Squares
- Systematic Formulation of Normal Equations
- Matrix Methods in Least Squares Adjustment
- Matrix Equations for Precisions of Adjusted Quantities
- Practical Example
- References
- Problems
- C. Coordinate Transformations
- Introduction
- Two-Dimensional Conformal Coordinate Transformation
- Alternative Method of Two-Dimensional Conformal Coordinate Transformation
- Coordinate Transformations With Redundancy
- Matrix Methods in Coordinate Transformations
- Two-Dimensional Affine Coordinate Transformation
- Three-Dimensional Conformal Coordinate Transformation
- Initial Approximations for the 3D Conformal Coordinate Transformation
- Two-Dimensional Projective Coordinate Transformation
- Two-Dimensional Rational Polynomial Coordinate Transformation
- Transformation Using Homogeneous Coordinates
- References
- Problems
- D. Development of Collinearity Condition Equations
- Introduction
- Rotation in Terms of Omega, Phi, and Kappa
- Development of the Collinearity Condition Equations
- Homogeneous Representation of the Collinearity Equations
- Linearization of the Collinearity Equations
- Applications of Collinearity
- Development of the Coplanarity Condition Equation
- Linearization of the Coplanarity Equation
- Rotation in Terms of Azimuth, Tilt, and Swing
- Collinearity Equations Using Azimuth-Tilt-Swing Rotation
- Converting from One Rotation System to the Other
- Reference
- Problems
- E. Digital Resampling
- F. Conversions Between Object Space Coordinate Systems
- Introduction
- Standard Ellipsoid Constants for GRS80
- Conversion Between Geodetic and Geocentric Coordinates
- Conversion Between Geocentric and Local Vertical Coordinates
- Conversion Between Geodetic and Lambert Conformal Conic Coordinates
- Conversion Between Geodetic and Transverse Mercator Coordinates
- References
- Problems
Book Details
Title: Elements of Photogrammetry with Applications in GIS, Fourth Edition
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education: New York, Chicago, San Francisco, Athens, London, Madrid, Mexico City, Milan, New Delhi, Singapore, Sydney, Toronto
Copyright / Pub. Date: 2014 McGraw-Hill Education
ISBN: 9780071761123
Authors:
Paul R. Wolf, Ph.D.
was a professor at the University of Wisconsin, Madison.
Bon A. Dewitt, Ph.D.
is an associate professor in the Geomatics Program, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, at the University of Florida. He has served as the Geomatics Program Director since 1999. Dr. Dewitt specializes in photogrammetry, digital mapping technology, digital image processing, hydrographic surveys, subdivision design, and land surveying.
Benjamin E. Wilkinson, Ph.D.
is an assistant professor in the Geomatics Program, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, at the University of Florida. He specializes in photogrammetry, LiDAR, remote sensing, navigation, and software development.
Description: The definitive guide to photogrammetry—fully updated. Thoroughly revised to cover the latest technological advances in the field, Elements of Photogrammetry with Applications in GIS, Fourth Edition, provides complete details on the foundational principles of photogrammetry as well as important advanced concepts. Significant changes in the instruments and procedures used in modern photogrammetry, including laser scanning, are discussed. Example problems clarify computational procedures and extensive photographs and diagrams illustrate the material presented in this comprehensive resource.
